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Evaluation and modelling of the traffic flow effects of truck platooning

Calvert S C, Schakel W J, van Arem B. Evaluation and modelling of the traffic flow effects of truck platooning[J]. Transportation research part C: emerging technologies, 2019, 105: 1-22.

Abstract

Content

effects of truck platooning for the influence of traffic states, truck gap settings, platoon sizes, and the share of equipped trucks.

Result:

  • A small negative effect on the total non-saturated traffic flow, however with a much larger negative effect on saturated traffic flow 对不饱和交通流有小的副作用，对饱和交通流有大的副作用
  • gap settings did not affect the merge time, while a higher gap didi lead to higher number of disengagements 时距对汇入效率影响不大，但是会更容易解体。

introduction

Level 1: ACC

Level 2: lateral control

Level 3: take over when needed

优势主要是节油、减排、减少人工、提升安全性、提升交通流。

The safety argument is often mentioned (Association, 2016; Dávila and Nombela, 2010; EU2016, 2016), but has yet to be proven from research

Influence on traffic flow

Longitudinal traffic flow effects

分为三种变量分别讨论

  1. Capacity and time-headways

    as low as 0.3 s (Van Arem et al., 2006) or 0.6 s for cars, even with two or three vehicle truck platoons, capacity gains could be achieved of up to 25% on a dedicated lane

  2. traffic homogeneity and traffic stability

    对交通流量的潜在好处，包括增加同质性和改善交通通行能力。然而，也存在由于短时间间隔和车辆间距可能对交通稳定性产生负面影响的担忧。卡车编队的成功将取决于高度可靠和准确的合作通信，以及能够在显著距离和时间内保持间隔的能力。

Lateral movement and vehicle interactions

在理想的情况下，交通流量得到改善。实施这些变化的最佳方式是通过具有特殊设备的卡车编队。然而，当与非智能车辆混合时，会发生影响编队的交互。有两种，它们会影响交通流量：cut-ins and cut-throughs, altered overtaking strategies.

Cut-ins

blocking-effect: an increased difficulty for other non-platooning vehicles to laterally pass through or around a platoon of trucks

Example: a vehicle needs to exit at an off-ramp, enter at an on-ramp, or perform a weaving action

车辆很可能突然插入卡车编队，产生负面影响

Overtaking strategies

其他车辆变更超车策略和可能对交通流量产生干扰。目前还没有实证量化或实验证据来准确衡量这些影响，但它们已在现场运营测试中观察到，并且有充分的理由认为这些影响是现实存在的。

Model setup and goals

Appendix

the future influence and impact ... may be extensice

Substantiate: proof

encompass: include